OVERVIEW
Here in this topic, we are going to discuss divine and force theory. In divine theory, we will see how the state is supreme. And in the force theory, we will see how the state was conquered and acquired by the military forces. So, let us see it in brief.
DIVINE THEORY
This theory tells that the states are made by supreme power i.e. either a god or gods. It is considered that rulers are chosen admirably and their authority comes from supreme power. This was used throughout history to define the power of monarchs and empires. This theory is also known as the Divine Right of Kings.
This theory is popular in various kinds of cultures and civilizations, but especially in ancient Egyptians. The people of this time believed that pharaohs were their incarnated gods and that’s why they claimed the right to rule over them. This theory helps to maintain the hierarchical structure of societies and also the social order and political stability.
FORCE THEORY
This theory came out when the state got conquered and military forces started going through the state, then it was suggested as force theory. In this theory, the stronger group suppresses the weaker group and makes themselves their rulers. It highlights the power and control responsible for state formation.
This theory mainly highlights the dominance of stronger political authority over weaker entities and as a result, they expand their dominance to other states. An example of this theory can be seen in ancient times like in the times of the Roman Empire and Mongol Empire. During this time, the rule is established by forceful integration of military forces.
CONCLUSION
So we have learnt that both theories suggest the same thing, that is how the state is formed but both of them talk about different explanations. The divine theory suggests lawfulness and clarifies the ruler’s power while on the other hand the force theory suggests power struggles and competition. None of the theories fully explains the complex historical development of states.
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