Introduction
Cross-border competition challenges arise when firms from different countries operate in international markets, making it challenging to enforce competition laws across borders. The issues are jurisdictional conflicts, different antitrust practices, and beyond territorial jurisdiction enforcement, which all make the regulation of anti-competitive conduct like price-fixing, monopolies, and unfair trade practices more complicated. Many-nation mergers and acquisitions often attract the attention of multiple regulatory bodies, which usually results in conflicting decisions. International cartels and governmental subsidies that distort competition are serious barriers. For digital marketplaces and privacy concerns, international cooperation in the co-regulation of competition agencies is quite essential. These concerns need to be addressed effectively in order to maintain fair competition within a globalized economy through harmonization of competition laws, higher cross-border implementation, and international cooperation.
Cross-border competition problems arise when firms from different countries interact in international markets, which often leads to complex legal and regulatory issues. These issues include jurisdictional issues, conflicting rules on competition, and extraterritorial enforcement, all of which can complicate efforts to avoid anti-competitive practices such as monopolies, price fixing, and unfair trade. As markets become more integrated, the authorities have to deal with the complexity of mergers and acquisitions and global cartels. Moreover, digital marketplaces and different state assistance policies increase global competitiveness. These challenges must be addressed through increased international collaboration, harmonized legislation, and efficient enforcement mechanisms to maintain fair competition and eliminate distortions in markets in a globalized economy.
